GHC(1)

NAME
GHC - the Glasgow Haskell Compiler

SYNOPSIS
ghc [option|filename]...
ghci [option|filename]...

DESCRIPTION
This manual page documents briefly the ghc and ghci commands. Note that ghci is not yet available on all architectures. Extensive documentation is available in various other formats including DVI, PostScript and HTML; see below.

Each of GHC's command line options is classified as either static or dynamic. A static flag may only be specified on the command line, whereas a dynamic flag may also be given in an OPTIONS pragma in a source file or set from the GHCi command-line with :set. As a rule of thumb, all the language options are dynamic, as are the warning options and the debugging options. The rest are static, with the notable exceptions of -v, -cpp, -fasm, -fvia-C, -fllvm, and " -#include . The OPTIONS sections lists the status of each flag.

Common suffixes of file names for Haskell are:

.hs Haskell source code; preprocess, compile

.lhs
    literate Haskell source; unlit, preprocess, compile

.hi Interface file; contains information about exported symbols

.hc intermediate C files

.x_o
    way x object files; common ways are: p, u, s

.x_hi
    way x interface files

OPTIONS

  Verbosity options
-v -vn -fprint-explicit-foralls -fprint-explicit-kinds -ferror-spans -Hsize -Rghc-timing

  Alternative modes of operation
--help,-? --interactive --make -e expr --show-iface -M --supported-extensions, --supported-languages --show-options --info --version, -V --numeric-version --print-libdir

  Which phases to run
-E -C -S -c -x suffix

  Redirecting output
-hcsuf suffix -hidir dir -hisuf suffix -o filename -odir dir -ohi filename -osuf suffix -stubdir dir -dumpdir dir -outputdir dir

  Keeping intermediate files
-keep-hc-file or
              -keep-hc-files -keep-llvm-file or
              -keep-llvm-files -keep-s-file or
              -keep-s-files -keep-tmp-files

  Temporary files
-tmpdir

  Finding imports
-idir1:dir2:... -i

  Interface file options
-ddump-hi -ddump-hi-diffs -ddump-minimal-imports --show-iface file

  Recompilation checking
-fforce-recomp -fno-force-recomp

  Interactive-mode options
-ignore-dot-ghci -ghci-script -fbreak-on-exception -fno-break-on-exception -fbreak-on-error -fno-break-on-error -fghci-hist-size=n (default is 50) -fprint-evld-with-show -fno-print-evld-with-show -fprint-bind-result -fno-print-bind-result -fno-print-bind-contents -fno-implicit-import-qualified -interactive-print

  Packages
-package-name P -package P -hide-all-packages -hide-package name -ignore-package name -package-db file -clear-package-db -no-global-package-db -global-package-db -no-user-package-db -user-package-db -no-auto-link-packages -trust P -distrust P -distrust-all

  Language options
-fglasgow-exts -fno-glasgow-exts -firrefutable-tuples -fno-irrefutable-tuples -fcontext-stack=Nn -ftype-function-depth=Nn -XAllowAmbiguousTypes -XNoAllowAmbiguousTypes -XArrows -XNoArrows -XAutoDeriveTypeable -XNoAutoDeriveTypeable -XConstraintKinds -XNoConstraintKinds -XDataKinds -XNoDataKinds -XDeriveDataTypeable -XNoDeriveDataTypeable -XDeriveGeneric -XNoDeriveGeneric -XGeneralizedNewtypeDeriving -XNoGeneralizedNewtypeDeriving -XDisambiguateRecordFields -XNoDisambiguateRecordFields -XEmptyCase -XNoEmptyCase -XExtendedDefaultRules -XNoExtendedDefaultRules -XForeignFunctionInterface -XNoForeignFunctionInterface -XGADTs -XNoGADTs -XGADTSyntax -XNoGADTSyntax -XGenerics -XNoGenerics -XImplicitParams -XNoImplicitParams -XNoImplicitPrelude -XImplicitPrelude -XIncoherentInstances -XNoIncoherentInstances -XNoMonomorphismRestriction -XMonomorphismRrestriction -XNegativeLiterals -XNoNegativeLiterals -XNoNPlusKPatterns -XNPlusKPatterns -XNumDecimals -XNoNumDecimals -XOverlappingInstances -XNoOverlappingInstances -XOverloadedLists -XNoOverloadedLists -XOverloadedStrings -XNoOverloadedStrings -XQuasiQuotes -XNoQuasiQuotes -XRelaxedPolyRec -XNoRelaxedPolyRec -XNoTraditionalRecordSyntax -XTraditionalRecordSyntax -XTypeFamilies -XNoTypeFamilies -XUndecidableInstances -XNoUndecidableInstances -XPolyKinds -XNoPolyKinds -XMonoLocalBinds -XNoMonoLocalBinds -XRebindableSyntax -XNoRebindableSyntax -XScopedTypeVariables -XNoScopedTypeVariables -XTemplateHaskell -XNoTemplateHaskell -XBangPatterns -XNoBangPatterns -XCPP -XNoCPP -XPatternGuards -XNoPatternGuards -XViewPatterns -XNoViewPatterns -XUnicodeSyntax -XNoUnicodeSyntax -XMagicHash -XNoMagicHash -XExplicitForAll -XNoExplicitForAll -XPolymorphicComponents -XNoPolymorphicComponents -XRank2Types -XNoRank2Types -XRankNTypes -XNoRankNTypes -XImpredicativeTypes -XNoImpredicativeTypes -XExistentialQuantification -XNoExistentialQuantification -XKindSignatures -XNoKindSignatures -XEmptyDataDecls -XNoEmptyDataDecls -XParallelListComp -XNoParallelListComp -XTransformListComp -XNoTransformListComp -XMonadComprehensions -XNoMonadComprehensions -XUnliftedFFITypes -XNoUnliftedFFITypes -XInterruptibleFFI -XNoInterruptibleFFI -XLiberalTypeSynonyms -XNoLiberalTypeSynonyms -XTypeOperators -XNoTypeOperators -XExplicitNamespaces -XNoExplicitNamespaces -XRecursiveDo -XNoRecursiveDo -XParallelArrays -XNoParallelArrays -XRecordWildCards -XNoRecordWildCards -XNamedFieldPuns -XNoNamedFieldPuns -XDisambiguateRecordFields -XNoDisambiguateRecordFields -XUnboxedTuples -XNoUnboxedTuples -XStandaloneDeriving -XNoStandaloneDeriving -XTypeSynonymInstances -XNoTypeSynonymInstances -XFlexibleContexts -XNoFlexibleContexts -XFlexibleInstances -XNoFlexibleInstances -XConstrainedClassMethods -XNoConstrainedClassMethods -XDefaultSignatures -XNoDefaultSignatures -XMultiParamTypeClasses -XNoMultiParamTypeClasses -XNullaryTypeClasses -XNoNullaryTypeClasses -XFunctionalDependencies -XNoFunctionalDependencies -XPackageImports -XNoPackageImports -XLambdaCase -XNoLambdaCase -XMultiWayIf -XNoMultiWayIf -XSafe -XTrustworthy -XUnsafe -fpackage-trust

  Warnings
-W -w -w -Wall -w -Werror -Wwarn -fdefer-type-errors -fno-defer-type-errors -fhelpful-errors -fno-helpful-errors -fwarn-deprecated-flags -fno-warn-deprecated-flags -fwarn-duplicate-constraints -fno-warn-duplicate-constraints -fwarn-duplicate-exports -fno-warn-duplicate-exports -fwarn-hi-shadowing -fno-warn-hi-shadowing -fwarn-identities -fno-warn-identities -fwarn-implicit-prelude -fno-warn-implicit-prelude -fwarn-incomplete-patterns -fno-warn-incomplete-patterns -fwarn-incomplete-uni-patterns -fno-warn-incomplete-uni-patterns -fwarn-incomplete-record-updates -fno-warn-incomplete-record-updates -fwarn-lazy-unlifted-bindings -fno-warn-lazy-unlifted-bindings -fwarn-missing-fields -fno-warn-missing-fields -fwarn-missing-import-lists -fnowarn-missing-import-lists -fwarn-missing-methods -fno-warn-missing-methods -fwarn-missing-signatures -fno-warn-missing-signatures -fwarn-missing-local-sigs -fno-warn-missing-local-sigs -fwarn-monomorphism-restriction -fno-warn-monomorphism-restriction -fwarn-name-shadowing -fno-warn-name-shadowing -fwarn-orphans, -fwarn-auto-orphans -fno-warn-orphans, -fno-warn-auto-orphans -fwarn-overlapping-patterns -fno-warn-overlapping-patterns -fwarn-tabs -fno-warn-tabs -fwarn-type-defaults -fno-warn-type-defaults -fwarn-unrecognised-pragmas -fno-warn-unrecognised-pragmas -fwarn-unused-binds -fno-warn-unused-binds -fwarn-unused-imports -fno-warn-unused-imports -fwarn-unused-matches -fno-warn-unused-matches -fwarn-unused-do-bind -fno-warn-unused-do-bind -fwarn-wrong-do-bind -fno-warn-wrong-do-bind -fwarn-unsafe -fno-warn-unsafe -fwarn-safe -fno-warn-safe -fwarn-warnings-deprecations -fno-warn-warnings-deprecations -fwarn-amp -fno-warn-amp -fwarn-typed-holes -fno-warn-typed-holes

  Optimisation levels
-O -O0 -On -O0

  Individual optimisations
-fcase-merge -fno-case-merge -fcse -fno-cse -fdicts-strict -fno-dicts-strict -fdo-eta-reduction -fno-do-eta-reduction -fdo-lambda-eta-expansion -fno-do-lambda-eta-expansion -feager-blackholing -fenable-rewrite-rules -fno-enable-rewrite-rules -fvectorise -fno-vectorise -favoid-vect -fno-avoid-vect -fexcess-precision -fno-excess-precision -ffloat-in -fno-float-in -ffull-laziness -fno-full-laziness -ffun-to-thunk -fno-fun-to-thunk -fignore-asserts -fno-ignore-asserts -fignore-interface-pragmas -fno-ignore-interface-pragmas -floopification -fno-loopification -flate-dmd-anal -fno-late-dmd-anal -fliberate-case -fliberate-case-threshold=n -fno-liberate-case-threshold -fmax-relevant-bindings=N -fno-max-relevant-bindings -fmax-simplifier-iterations=N -fmax-worker-args=N -fno-opt-coercion -fno-pre-inlining -fno-state-hack -fpedantic-bottoms -fno-pedantic-bottoms -fomit-interface-pragmas -fno-omit-interface-pragmas -fsimplifier-phases -fsimpl-tick-factor=n -fspec-constr -fno-spec-constr -fspec-constr-threshold=n -fno-spec-constr-threshold -fspec-constr-count=n -fno-spec-constr-count -fspecialise -fno-specialise -fstrictness -fno-strictness -fstrictness=before=n -fstatic-argument-transformation -fno-static-argument-transformation -funbox-strict-fields -fno-unbox-strict-fields -funbox-small-strict-fields -fno-unbox-small-strict-fields -funfolding-creation-threshold -fno-unfolding-creation-threshold -funfolding-fun-discount -fno-unfolding-fun-discount -funfolding-keeness-factor -fno-unfolding-keeness-factor -funfolding-use-threshold -fno-unfolding-use-threshold

  Profiling options
-prof -fprof-auto -fno-prof-auto -fprof-auto-top -fno-prof-auto -fprof-auto-exported -fno-prof-auto -fprof-cafs -fno-prof-cafs -fno-prof-count-entries -fprof-count-entries -ticky

  Program coverage options
-fhpc -hpcdir dir

  Haskell pre-processor options
-F

  C pre-processor options
-cpp -Dsymbol=value -U -Usymbol -Idir

  Code generation options
-fasm -fllvm -fno-code -fbyte-code -fobject-code

  Linking options
-shared -staticlib -fPIC -dynamic -dynamic-too -dyno -dynosuf -dynload -framework name -framework-path name -llib -Ldir -main-is --mk-dll -no-hs-main -rtsopts, -rtsopts={none,some,all} -with-rtsopts=opts -no-link -split-objs -static -threaded -debug -eventlog -fno-gen-manifest -fno-embed-manifest -fno-shared-implib -dylib-install-name path

  Plugin options
-fplugin=module -fplugin-opt=module:args

  Replacing phases
-pgmL cmd -pgmP cmd -pgmc cmd -pgms cmd -pgma cmd -pgml cmd -pgmdll cmd -pgmF cmd -pgmwindres cmd -pgmlibtool cmd

  Forcing options to particular phases
-optL option -optP option -optF option -optc option -optlo option -optlc option -optm option -opta option -optl option -optdll option -optwindres option

  Platform-specific options
-msse2 -monly-[432]-regs

  External core file options
-fext-core

  Compiler debugging options
-dcore-lint -ddump-to-file -ddump-asm -ddump-bcos -ddump-cmm -ddump-core-stats -ddump-cpranal -ddump-cse -ddump-deriv -ddump-ds -ddump-flatC -ddump-foreign -ddump-hpc -ddump-inlinings -ddump-llvm -ddump-occur-anal -ddump-opt-cmm -ddump-parsed -ddump-prep -ddump-rn -ddump-rule-firings -ddump-rule-rewrites -ddump-rules -ddump-vect -ddump-simpl -ddump-simpl-phases -ddump-simpl-iterations -ddump-spec -ddump-splices -ddump-stg -ddump-stranal -ddump-strsigs -ddump-tc -ddump-types -ddump-worker-wrapper -ddump-if-trace -ddump-tc-trace -ddump-vt-trace -ddump-rn-trace -ddump-rn-stats -ddump-simpl-stats -dno-debug-output -dppr-debug -dppr-noprags -dppr-user-length -dppr-colsNNN -dppr-case-as-let -dsuppress-all -dsuppress-uniques -dsuppress-idinfo -dsuppress-module-prefixes -dsuppress-type-signatures -dsuppress-type-applications -dsuppress-coercions -dsource-stats -dcmm-lint -dstg-lint -dstg-stats -dverbose-core2core -dverbose-stg2stg -dshow-passes -dfaststring-stats

  Misc compiler options
-j N -fno-hi-version-check -dno-black-holing -fhistory-size -funregisterised -fno-ghci-history -fno-ghci-sandbox

VERBOSITY OPTIONS

-v  verbose mode (equivalent to -v3)
    [dynamic]

-vn set verbosity level
    [dynamic]

-fprint-explicit-foralls
    print explicit forall quantification in types
    [dynamic]

-fprint-explicit-kinds
    print explicit kind foralls and kind arguments in types
    [dynamic]

-ferror-spans
    output full span in error messages
    [dynamic]

-Hsize
    Set the minimum heap size to size
    [static]

-Rghc-timing
    Summarise timing stats for GHC (same as +RTS -tstderr)
    [static]

ALTERNATIVE MODES OF OPERATION

--help,-?
    Disply help
    [mode]

--interactive
    Interactive mode - normally used by just running ghci; see for details.
    [mode]

--make
    Build a multi-module Haskell program, automatically figuring out dependencies. Likely to be much easier, and faster, than using make; see for details..
    [mode]

-e expr
    Evaluate expr; see for details.
    [mode]

--show-iface
    Display the contents of an interface file.
    [mode]

-M  Generate dependency information suitable for use in a Makefile; see for details.
    [mode]

--supported-extensions, --supported-languages
    display the supported language extensions
    [mode]

--show-options
    display the supported command line options
    [mode]

--info
    display information about the compiler
    [mode]

--version, -V
    display GHC version
    [mode]

--numeric-version
    display GHC version (numeric only)
    [mode]

--print-libdir
    display GHC library directory
    [mode]

WHICH PHASES TO RUN

-E  Stop after preprocessing (.hspp file)
    [mode]

-C  Stop after generating C (.hc file)
    [mode]

-S  Stop after generating assembly (.s file)
    [mode]

-c  Do not link
    [dynamic]

-x suffix
    Override default behaviour for source files
    [static]

REDIRECTING OUTPUT

-hcsuf suffix
    set the suffix to use for intermediate C files
    [dynamic]

-hidir dir
    set directory for interface files
    [dynamic]

-hisuf suffix
    set the suffix to use for interface files
    [dynamic]

-o filename
    set output filename
    [dynamic]

-odir dir
    set directory for object files
    [dynamic]

-ohi filename
    set the filename in which to put the interface
    [dynamic]

-osuf suffix
    set the output file suffix
    [dynamic]

-stubdir dir
    redirect FFI stub files
    [dynamic]

-dumpdir dir
    redirect dump files
    [dynamic]

-outputdir dir
    set output directory
    [dynamic]

KEEPING INTERMEDIATE FILES

-keep-hc-file or
                  -keep-hc-files retain intermediate .hc files
    [dynamic]

-keep-llvm-file or
                  -keep-llvm-files retain intermediate LLVM .ll files
    [dynamic]

-keep-s-file or
                  -keep-s-files retain intermediate .s files
    [dynamic]

-keep-tmp-files
    retain all intermediate temporary files
    [dynamic]

TEMPORARY FILES

-tmpdir
    set the directory for temporary files
    [dynamic]

FINDING IMPORTS

-idir1:dir2:...
    add dir, dir2, etc. to import path
    [static/:set]

-i  Empty the import directory list
    [static/:set]

INTERFACE FILE OPTIONS

-ddump-hi
    Dump the new interface to stdout
    [dynamic]

-ddump-hi-diffs
    Show the differences vs. the old interface
    [dynamic]

-ddump-minimal-imports
    Dump a minimal set of imports
    [dynamic]

--show-iface file
    See .
    []

RECOMPILATION CHECKING

-fforce-recomp
    Turn off recompilation checking. This is implied by any -ddump-X option when compiling a single file (i.e. when using -c).
    [dynamic]

INTERACTIVE-MODE OPTIONS

-ignore-dot-ghci
    Disable reading of .ghci files
    [dynamic]

-ghci-script
    Read additional .ghci files
    [dynamic]

-fbreak-on-exception
    Break on any exception thrown
    [dynamic]

-fbreak-on-error
    Break on uncaught exceptions and errors
    [dynamic]

-fghci-hist-size=n
    Set the number of entries GHCi keeps for :history
    [dynamic]

-fprint-evld-with-show
    Enable usage of Show instances in :print
    [dynamic]

-fprint-bind-result
    Turn on printing of binding results in GHCi
    [dynamic]

-fno-print-bind-contents
    Turn off printing of binding contents in GHCi
    [dynamic]

-fno-implicit-import-qualified
    Turn off implicit qualified import of everything in GHCi
    [dynamic]

-interactive-print
    Select the function to use for printing evaluated expressions in GHCi
    [dynamic]

PACKAGES

-package-name P
    Compile to be part of package P
    [static]

-package P
    Expose package P
    [static/:set]

-hide-all-packages
    Hide all packages by default
    [static]

-hide-package name
    Hide package P
    [static/:set]

-ignore-package name
    Ignore package P
    [static/:set]

-package-db file
    Add file to the package db stack.
    [static]

-clear-package-db
    Clear the package db stack.
    [static]

-no-global-package-db
    Remove the global package db from the stack.
    [static]

-global-package-db
    Add the global package db to the stack.
    [static]

-no-user-package-db
    Remove the user's package db from the stack.
    [static]

-user-package-db
    Add the user's package db to the stack.
    [static]

-no-auto-link-packages
    Don't automatically link in the base and rts packages.
    [dynamic]

-trust P
    Expose package P and set it to be trusted
    [static/:set]

-distrust P
    Expose package P and set it to be distrusted
    [static/:set]

-distrust-all
    Distrust all packages by default
    [static/:set]

LANGUAGE OPTIONS

-fglasgow-exts
    Deprecated. Enable most language extensions; see for exactly which ones.
    [dynamic]

-firrefutable-tuples
    Make tuple pattern matching irrefutable
    [dynamic]

-fcontext-stack=Nn
    set the limit for context reduction. Default is 20.
    [dynamic]

-ftype-function-depth=Nn
    set the limit for type function reductions. Default is 200.
    [dynamic]

-XAllowAmbiguousTypes
    Allow the user to write ambiguous types, and the type inference engine to infer them.
    [dynamic]

-XArrows
    Enable arrow notation extension
    [dynamic]

-XAutoDeriveTypeable
    Automatically derive Typeable instances for every datatype and type class declaration. Implies -XDeriveDataTypeable.
    [dynamic]

-XConstraintKinds
    Enable a kind of constraints.
    [dynamic]

-XDataKinds
    Enable datatype promotion.
    [dynamic]

-XDeriveDataTypeable
    Enable deriving for the Data and Typeable classes.
    [dynamic]

-XDeriveGeneric
    Enable deriving for the Generic class.
    [dynamic]

-XGeneralizedNewtypeDeriving
    Enable newtype deriving.
    [dynamic]

-XDisambiguateRecordFields
    Enable record field disambiguation
    [dynamic]

-XEmptyCase
    Allow empty case alternatives
    [dynamic]

-XExtendedDefaultRules
    Use GHCi's extended default rules in a normal module
    [dynamic]

-XForeignFunctionInterface
    Enable foreign function interface.
    [dynamic]

-XGADTs
    Enable generalised algebraic data types.
    [dynamic]

-XGADTSyntax
    Enable generalised algebraic data type syntax.
    [dynamic]

-XGenerics
    Deprecated, does nothing. No longer enables generic classes. See also GHC's support for generic programming.
    [dynamic]

-XImplicitParams
    Enable Implicit Parameters.
    [dynamic]

-XNoImplicitPrelude
    Don't implicitly import Prelude
    [dynamic]

-XIncoherentInstances
    Enable incoherent instances. Implies -XOverlappingInstances
    [dynamic]

-XNoMonomorphismRestriction
    Disable the monomorphism restriction
    [dynamic]

-XNegativeLiterals
    Enable support for negative literals
    [dynamic]

-XNoNPlusKPatterns
    Disable support for n+k patterns
    [dynamic]

-XNumDecimals
    Enable support for 'fractional' integer literals
    [dynamic]

-XOverlappingInstances
    Enable overlapping instances
    [dynamic]

-XOverloadedLists
    Enable overloaded lists.
    [dynamic]

-XOverloadedStrings
    Enable overloaded string literals.
    [dynamic]

-XQuasiQuotes
    Enable quasiquotation.
    [dynamic]

-XRelaxedPolyRec
    Relaxed checking for mutually-recursive polymorphic functions
    [dynamic]

-XNoTraditionalRecordSyntax
    Disable support for traditional record syntax (as supported by Haskell 98) C {f = x}
    [dynamic]

-XTypeFamilies
    Enable type families.
    [dynamic]

-XUndecidableInstances
    Enable undecidable instances
    [dynamic]

-XPolyKinds
    Enable kind polymorphism. Implies -XKindSignatures.
    [dynamic]

-XMonoLocalBinds
    Enable do not generalise local bindings. Implied by -XTypeFamilies and -XGADTs.
    [dynamic]

-XRebindableSyntax
    Employ rebindable syntax
    [dynamic]

-XScopedTypeVariables
    Enable lexically-scoped type variables.
    [dynamic]

-XTemplateHaskell
    Enable Template Haskell.
    [dynamic]

-XBangPatterns
    Enable bang patterns.
    [dynamic]

-XCPP
    Enable the C preprocessor.
    [dynamic]

-XPatternGuards
    Enable pattern guards.
    [dynamic]

-XViewPatterns
    Enable view patterns.
    [dynamic]

-XUnicodeSyntax
    Enable unicode syntax.
    [dynamic]

-XMagicHash
    Allow "#" as a postfix modifier on identifiers.
    [dynamic]

-XExplicitForAll
    Enable explicit universal quantification. Implied by -XScopedTypeVariables, -XLiberalTypeSynonyms, -XRankNTypes, -XExistentialQuantification
    [dynamic]

-XPolymorphicComponents
    Enable polymorphic components for data constructors.
    [dynamic, synonym for -XRankNTypes]

-XRank2Types
    Enable rank-2 types.
    [dynamic, synonym for -XRankNTypes]

-XRankNTypes
    Enable rank-N types.
    [dynamic]

-XImpredicativeTypes
    Enable impredicative types.
    [dynamic]

-XExistentialQuantification
    Enable existential quantification.
    [dynamic]

-XKindSignatures
    Enable kind signatures.
    [dynamic]

-XEmptyDataDecls
    Enable empty data declarations.
    [dynamic]

-XParallelListComp
    Enable parallel list comprehensions.
    [dynamic]

-XTransformListComp
    Enable generalised list comprehensions.
    [dynamic]

-XMonadComprehensions
    Enable monad comprehensions.
    [dynamic]

-XUnliftedFFITypes
    Enable unlifted FFI types.
    [dynamic]

-XInterruptibleFFI
    Enable interruptible FFI.
    [dynamic]

-XLiberalTypeSynonyms
    Enable liberalised type synonyms.
    [dynamic]

-XTypeOperators
    Enable type operators.
    [dynamic]

-XExplicitNamespaces
    Enable using the keyword type to specify the namespace of entries in imports and exports (). Implied by -XTypeOperators and -XTypeFamilies.
    [dynamic]

-XRecursiveDo
    Enable recursive do (mdo) notation.
    [dynamic]

-XParallelArrays
    Enable parallel arrays.
    [dynamic]

-XRecordWildCards
    Enable record wildcards.
    [dynamic]

-XNamedFieldPuns
    Enable record puns.
    [dynamic]

-XDisambiguateRecordFields
    Enable record field disambiguation.
    [dynamic]

-XUnboxedTuples
    Enable unboxed tuples.
    [dynamic]

-XStandaloneDeriving
    Enable standalone deriving.
    [dynamic]

-XTypeSynonymInstances
    Enable type synonyms in instance heads.
    [dynamic]

-XFlexibleContexts
    Enable flexible contexts.
    [dynamic]

-XFlexibleInstances
    Enable flexible instances. Implies -XTypeSynonymInstances
    [dynamic]

-XConstrainedClassMethods
    Enable constrained class methods.
    [dynamic]

-XDefaultSignatures
    Enable default signatures.
    [dynamic]

-XMultiParamTypeClasses
    Enable multi parameter type classes.
    [dynamic]

-XNullaryTypeClasses
    Enable nullary (no parameter) type classes.
    [dynamic]

-XFunctionalDependencies
    Enable functional dependencies.
    [dynamic]

-XPackageImports
    Enable package-qualified imports.
    [dynamic]

-XLambdaCase
    Enable lambda-case expressions.
    [dynamic]

-XMultiWayIf
    Enable multi-way if-expressions.
    [dynamic]

-XSafe
    Enable the Safe Haskell Safe mode.
    [dynamic]

-XTrustworthy
    Enable the Safe Haskell Trustworthy mode.
    [dynamic]

-XUnsafe
    Enable Safe Haskell Unsafe mode.
    [dynamic]

-fpackage-trust
    Enable Safe Haskell trusted package requirement for trustworthy modules.
    [dynamic]

WARNINGS

-W  enable normal warnings
    [dynamic]

-w  disable all warnings
    [dynamic]

-Wall
    enable almost all warnings (details in )
    [dynamic]

-Werror
    make warnings fatal
    [dynamic]

-Wwarn
    make warnings non-fatal
    [dynamic]

-fdefer-type-errors
    Defer as many type errors as possible until runtime.
    [dynamic]

-fhelpful-errors
    Make suggestions for mis-spelled names.
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-deprecated-flags
    warn about uses of commandline flags that are deprecated
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-duplicate-constraints
    warn when a constraint appears duplicated in a type signature
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-duplicate-exports
    warn when an entity is exported multiple times
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-hi-shadowing
    warn when a .hi file in the current directory shadows a library
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-identities
    warn about uses of Prelude numeric conversions that are probably the identity (and hence could be omitted)
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-implicit-prelude
    warn when the Prelude is implicitly imported
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-incomplete-patterns
    warn when a pattern match could fail
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-incomplete-uni-patterns
    warn when a pattern match in a lambda expression or pattern binding could fail
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-incomplete-record-updates
    warn when a record update could fail
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-lazy-unlifted-bindings
    (deprecated) warn when a pattern binding looks lazy but must be strict
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-missing-fields
    warn when fields of a record are uninitialised
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-missing-import-lists
    warn when an import declaration does not explicitly list all the names brought into scope
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-missing-methods
    warn when class methods are undefined
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-missing-signatures
    warn about top-level functions without signatures
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-missing-local-sigs
    warn about polymorphic local bindings without signatures
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-monomorphism-restriction
    warn when the Monomorphism Restriction is applied
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-name-shadowing
    warn when names are shadowed
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-orphans, -fwarn-auto-orphans
    warn when the module contains orphan instance declarations or rewrite rules
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-overlapping-patterns
    warn about overlapping patterns
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-tabs
    warn if there are tabs in the source file
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-type-defaults
    warn when defaulting happens
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-unrecognised-pragmas
    warn about uses of pragmas that GHC doesn't recognise
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-unused-binds
    warn about bindings that are unused
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-unused-imports
    warn about unnecessary imports
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-unused-matches
    warn about variables in patterns that aren't used
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-unused-do-bind
    warn about do bindings that appear to throw away values of types other than ()
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-wrong-do-bind
    warn about do bindings that appear to throw away monadic values that you should have bound instead
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-unsafe
    warn if the module being compiled is regarded to be unsafe. Should be used to check the safety status of modules when using safe inference.
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-safe
    warn if the module being compiled is regarded to be safe. Should be used to check the safety status of modules when using safe inference.
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-warnings-deprecations
    warn about uses of functions & types that have warnings or deprecated pragmas
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-amp
    warn on definitions conflicting with the Applicative-Monad Proposal (AMP)
    [dynamic]

-fwarn-typed-holes
    Enable holes in expressions.
    [dynamic]

OPTIMISATION LEVELS

-O  Enable default optimisation (level 1)
    [dynamic]

-On Set optimisation level n
    [dynamic]

INDIVIDUAL OPTIMISATIONS

-fcase-merge
    Enable case-merging. Implied by -O.
    [dynamic]

-fcse
    Turn on common sub-expression elimination. Implied by -O.
    [dynamic]

-fdicts-strict
    Make dictionaries strict
    [static]

-fdo-eta-reduction
    Enable eta-reduction. Implied by -O.
    [dynamic]

-fdo-lambda-eta-expansion
    Enable lambda eta-reduction
    [dynamic]

-feager-blackholing
    Turn on eager blackholing
    [dynamic]

-fenable-rewrite-rules
    Switch on all rewrite rules (including rules generated by automatic specialisation of overloaded functions). Implied by -O.
    [dynamic]

-fvectorise
    Enable vectorisation of nested data parallelism
    [dynamic]

-favoid-vect
    Enable vectorisation avoidance (EXPERIMENTAL)
    [dynamic]

-fexcess-precision
    Enable excess intermediate precision
    [dynamic]

-ffloat-in
    Turn on the float-in transformation. Implied by -O.
    [dynamic]

-ffull-laziness
    Turn on full laziness (floating bindings outwards). Implied by -O.
    [dynamic]

-ffun-to-thunk
    Allow worker-wrapper to convert a function closure into a thunk if the function does not use any of its arguments. Off by default.
    [dynamic]

-fignore-asserts
    Ignore assertions in the source
    [dynamic]

-fignore-interface-pragmas
    Ignore pragmas in interface files
    [dynamic]

-floopification
    Turn saturated self-recursive tail-calls into local jumps in the generated assembly.
    [dynamic]

-flate-dmd-anal
    Run demand analysis again, at the end of the simplification pipeline
    [dynamic]

-fliberate-case
    Turn on the liberate-case transformation. Implied by -O2.
    [dynamic]

-fliberate-case-threshold=n
    Set the size threshold for the liberate-case transformation to n (default: 200)
    [static]

-fmax-relevant-bindings=N
    Set the maximum number of bindings to display in type error messages (default 6).
    [dynamic]

-fmax-simplifier-iterations=N
    Set the max iterations for the simplifier
    [dynamic]

-fmax-worker-args=N
    If a worker has that many arguments, none will be unpacked anymore (default: 10)
    [dynamic]

-fno-opt-coercion
    Turn off the coercion optimiser
    [static]

-fno-pre-inlining
    Turn off pre-inlining
    [dynamic]

-fno-state-hack
    Turn off the "state hack" whereby any lambda with a real-world state token as argument is considered to be single-entry. Hence OK to inline things inside it.
    [static]

-fpedantic-bottoms
    Make GHC be more precise about its treatment of bottom (but see also -fno-state-hack). In particular, GHC will not eta-expand through a case expression.
    [dynamic]

-fomit-interface-pragmas
    Don't generate interface pragmas
    [dynamic]

-fsimplifier-phases
    Set the number of phases for the simplifier (default 2). Ignored with -O0.
    [dynamic]

-fsimpl-tick-factor=n
    Set the percentage factor for simplifier ticks (default 100)
    [dynamic]

-fspec-constr
    Turn on the SpecConstr transformation. Implied by -O2.
    [dynamic]

-fspec-constr-threshold=n
    Set the size threshold for the SpecConstr transformation to n (default: 200)
    [static]

-fspec-constr-count=n
    Set to n (default: 3) the maximum number of specialisations that will be created for any one function by the SpecConstr transformation
    [static]

-fspecialise
    Turn on specialisation of overloaded functions. Implied by -O.
    [dynamic]

-fstrictness
    Turn on strictness analysis. Implied by -O.
    [dynamic]

-fstrictness=before=n
    Run an additional strictness analysis before simplifier phase n
    [dynamic]

-fstatic-argument-transformation
    Turn on the static argument transformation. Implied by -O2.
    [dynamic]

-funbox-strict-fields
    Flatten strict constructor fields
    [dynamic]

-funbox-small-strict-fields
    Flatten strict constructor fields with a pointer-sized representation
    [dynamic]

-funfolding-creation-threshold
    Tweak unfolding settings
    [dynamic]

-funfolding-fun-discount
    Tweak unfolding settings
    [dynamic]

-funfolding-keeness-factor
    Tweak unfolding settings
    [dynamic]

-funfolding-use-threshold
    Tweak unfolding settings
    [dynamic]

PROFILING OPTIONS

-prof
    Turn on profiling
    [static]

-fprof-auto
    Auto-add SCCs to all bindings not marked INLINE
    [dynamic]

-fprof-auto-top
    Auto-add SCCs to all top-level bindings not marked INLINE
    [dynamic]

-fprof-auto-exported
    Auto-add SCCs to all exported bindings not marked INLINE
    [dynamic]

-fprof-cafs
    Auto-add SCCs to all CAFs
    [dynamic]

-fno-prof-count-entries
    Do not collect entry counts
    [dynamic]

-ticky
    Turn on ticky-ticky profiling
    [static]

PROGRAM COVERAGE OPTIONS

-fhpc
    Turn on Haskell program coverage instrumentation
    [dynamic]

-hpcdir dir
    Directory to deposit .mix files during compilation (default is .hpc)
    [dynamic]

HASKELL PRE-PROCESSOR OPTIONS

-F  Enable the use of a pre-processor (set with -pgmF)
    [dynamic]

C PRE-PROCESSOR OPTIONS

-cpp
    Run the C pre-processor on Haskell source files
    [dynamic]

-Dsymbol=value
    Define a symbol in the C pre-processor
    [dynamic]

-Usymbol
    Undefine a symbol in the C pre-processor
    [dynamic]

-Idir
    Add dir to the directory search list for #include files
    [dynamic]

CODE GENERATION OPTIONS

-fasm
    Use the native code generator
    [dynamic]

-fllvm
    Compile using the LLVM code generator
    [dynamic]

-fno-code
    Omit code generation
    [dynamic]

-fbyte-code
    Generate byte-code
    [dynamic]

-fobject-code
    Generate object code
    [dynamic]

LINKING OPTIONS

-shared
    Generate a shared library (as opposed to an executable)
    [dynamic]

-staticlib
    On Darwin/OS X/iOS only, generate a standalone static library (as opposed to an executable). This is the usual way to compile for iOS.
    [dynamic]

-fPIC
    Generate position-independent code (where available)
    [dynamic]

-dynamic
    Use dynamic Haskell libraries (if available)
    [static]

-dynamic-too
    Build dynamic object files as well as static object files during compilation
    [static]

-dyno
    Set the output path for the dynamically linked objects
    [static]

-dynosuf
    Set the output suffix for dynamic object files
    [static]

-dynload
    Selects one of a number of modes for finding shared libraries at runtime.
    [static]

-framework name
    On Darwin/OS X/iOS only, link in the framework name. This option corresponds to the -framework option for Apple's Linker.
    [dynamic]

-framework-path name
    On Darwin/OS X/iOS only, add dir to the list of directories searched for frameworks. This option corresponds to the -F option for Apple's Linker.
    [dynamic]

-llib
    Link in library lib
    [dynamic]

-Ldir
    Add dir to the list of directories searched for libraries
    [dynamic]

-main-is
    Set main module and function
    [dynamic]

--mk-dll
    DLL-creation mode (Windows only)
    [dynamic]

-no-hs-main
    Don't assume this program contains main
    [dynamic]

-rtsopts, -rtsopts={none,some,all}
    Control whether the RTS behaviour can be tweaked via command-line flags and the GHCRTS environment variable. Using none means no RTS flags can be given; some means only a minimum of safe options can be given (the default), and all (or no argument at all) means that all RTS flags are permitted.
    [dynamic]

-with-rtsopts=opts
    Set the default RTS options to opts.
    [dynamic]

-no-link
    Omit linking
    [dynamic]

-split-objs
    Split objects (for libraries)
    [dynamic]

-static
    Use static Haskell libraries
    [static]

-threaded
    Use the threaded runtime
    [static]

-debug
    Use the debugging runtime
    [static]

-eventlog
    Enable runtime event tracing
    [static]

-fno-gen-manifest
    Do not generate a manifest file (Windows only)
    [dynamic]

-fno-embed-manifest
    Do not embed the manifest in the executable (Windows only)
    [dynamic]

-fno-shared-implib
    Don't generate an import library for a DLL (Windows only)
    [dynamic]

-dylib-install-name path
    Set the install name (via -install_name passed to Apple's linker), specifying the full install path of the library file. Any libraries or executables that link with it later will pick up that path as their runtime search location for it. (Darwin/OS X only)
    [dynamic]

PLUGIN OPTIONS

-fplugin=module
    Load a plugin exported by a given module
    [static]

-fplugin-opt=module:args
    Give arguments to a plugin module; module must be specified with -fplugin
    [static]

REPLACING PHASES

-pgmL cmd
    Use cmd as the literate pre-processor
    [dynamic]

-pgmP cmd
    Use cmd as the C pre-processor (with -cpp only)
    [dynamic]

-pgmc cmd
    Use cmd as the C compiler
    [dynamic]

-pgms cmd
    Use cmd as the splitter
    [dynamic]

-pgma cmd
    Use cmd as the assembler
    [dynamic]

-pgml cmd
    Use cmd as the linker
    [dynamic]

-pgmdll cmd
    Use cmd as the DLL generator
    [dynamic]

-pgmF cmd
    Use cmd as the pre-processor (with -F only)
    [dynamic]

-pgmwindres cmd
    Use cmd as the program for embedding manifests on Windows.
    [dynamic]

-pgmlibtool cmd
    Use cmd as the command for libtool (with -staticlib only).
    [dynamic]

FORCING OPTIONS TO PARTICULAR PHASES

-optL option
    pass option to the literate pre-processor
    [dynamic]

-optP option
    pass option to cpp (with -cpp only)
    [dynamic]

-optF option
    pass option to the custom pre-processor
    [dynamic]

-optc option
    pass option to the C compiler
    [dynamic]

-optlo option
    pass option to the LLVM optimiser
    [dynamic]

-optlc option
    pass option to the LLVM compiler
    [dynamic]

-optm option
    pass option to the mangler
    [dynamic]

-opta option
    pass option to the assembler
    [dynamic]

-optl option
    pass option to the linker
    [dynamic]

-optdll option
    pass option to the DLL generator
    [dynamic]

-optwindres option
    pass option to windres.
    [dynamic]

PLATFORM-SPECIFIC OPTIONS

-msse2
    (x86 only) Use SSE2 for floating point
    [dynamic]

-monly-[432]-regs
    (x86 only) give some registers back to the C compiler
    [dynamic]

EXTERNAL CORE FILE OPTIONS

-fext-core
    Generate .hcr external Core files
    [dynamic]

COMPILER DEBUGGING OPTIONS

-dcore-lint
    Turn on internal sanity checking
    [dynamic]

-ddump-to-file
    Dump to files instead of stdout
    [dynamic]

-ddump-asm
    Dump assembly
    [dynamic]

-ddump-bcos
    Dump interpreter byte code
    [dynamic]

-ddump-cmm
    Dump C-- output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-core-stats
    Print a one-line summary of the size of the Core program at the end of the optimisation pipeline
    [dynamic]

-ddump-cpranal
    Dump output from CPR analysis
    [dynamic]

-ddump-cse
    Dump CSE output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-deriv
    Dump deriving output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-ds
    Dump desugarer output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-flatC
    Dump `flat' C
    [dynamic]

-ddump-foreign
    Dump foreign export stubs
    [dynamic]

-ddump-hpc
    Dump after instrumentation for program coverage
    [dynamic]

-ddump-inlinings
    Dump inlining info
    [dynamic]

-ddump-llvm
    Dump LLVM intermediate code
    [dynamic]

-ddump-occur-anal
    Dump occurrence analysis output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-opt-cmm
    Dump the results of C-- to C-- optimising passes
    [dynamic]

-ddump-parsed
    Dump parse tree
    [dynamic]

-ddump-prep
    Dump prepared core
    [dynamic]

-ddump-rn
    Dump renamer output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-rule-firings
    Dump rule firing info
    [dynamic]

-ddump-rule-rewrites
    Dump detailed rule firing info
    [dynamic]

-ddump-rules
    Dump rules
    [dynamic]

-ddump-vect
    Dump vectoriser input and output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-simpl
    Dump final simplifier output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-simpl-phases
    Dump output from each simplifier phase
    [dynamic]

-ddump-simpl-iterations
    Dump output from each simplifier iteration
    [dynamic]

-ddump-spec
    Dump specialiser output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-splices
    Dump TH spliced expressions, and what they evaluate to
    [dynamic]

-ddump-stg
    Dump final STG
    [dynamic]

-ddump-stranal
    Dump strictness analyser output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-strsigs
    Dump strictness signatures
    [dynamic]

-ddump-tc
    Dump typechecker output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-types
    Dump type signatures
    [dynamic]

-ddump-worker-wrapper
    Dump worker-wrapper output
    [dynamic]

-ddump-if-trace
    Trace interface files
    [dynamic]

-ddump-tc-trace
    Trace typechecker
    [dynamic]

-ddump-vt-trace
    Trace vectoriser
    [dynamic]

-ddump-rn-trace
    Trace renamer
    [dynamic]

-ddump-rn-stats
    Renamer stats
    [dynamic]

-ddump-simpl-stats
    Dump simplifier stats
    [dynamic]

-dno-debug-output
    Suppress unsolicited debugging output
    [static]

-dppr-debug
    Turn on debug printing (more verbose)
    [static]

-dppr-noprags
    Don't output pragma info in dumps
    [static]

-dppr-user-length
    Set the depth for printing expressions in error msgs
    [dynamic]

-dppr-colsNNN
    Set the width of debugging output. For example -dppr-cols200
    [dynamic]

-dppr-case-as-let
    Print single alternative case expressions as strict lets.
    [dynamic]

-dsuppress-all
    In core dumps, suppress everything (except for uniques) that is suppressible.
    [dynamic]

-dsuppress-uniques
    Suppress the printing of uniques in debug output (easier to use diff)
    [dynamic]

-dsuppress-idinfo
    Suppress extended information about identifiers where they are bound
    [dynamic]

-dsuppress-module-prefixes
    Suppress the printing of module qualification prefixes
    [dynamic]

-dsuppress-type-signatures
    Suppress type signatures
    [dynamic]

-dsuppress-type-applications
    Suppress type applications
    [dynamic]

-dsuppress-coercions
    Suppress the printing of coercions in Core dumps to make them shorter
    [dynamic]

-dsource-stats
    Dump haskell source stats
    [dynamic]

-dcmm-lint
    C-- pass sanity checking
    [dynamic]

-dstg-lint
    STG pass sanity checking
    [dynamic]

-dstg-stats
    Dump STG stats
    [dynamic]

-dverbose-core2core
    Show output from each core-to-core pass
    [dynamic]

-dverbose-stg2stg
    Show output from each STG-to-STG pass
    [dynamic]

-dshow-passes
    Print out each pass name as it happens
    [dynamic]

-dfaststring-stats
    Show statistics for fast string usage when finished
    [dynamic]

MISC COMPILER OPTIONS

-j N
    When compiling with --make, compile N modules in parallel.
    [dynamic]

-fno-hi-version-check
    Don't complain about .hi file mismatches
    [static]

-dno-black-holing
    Turn off black holing (probably doesn't work)
    [static]

-fhistory-size
    Set simplification history size
    [dynamic]

-funregisterised
    Unregisterised compilation (use -unreg instead)
    [static]

-fno-ghci-history
    Do not use the load/store the GHCi command history from/to ghci_history.
    [dynamic]

-fno-ghci-sandbox
    Turn off the GHCi sandbox. Means computations are run in the main thread, rather than a forked thread.
    [dynamic]

FILES
/usr/local/lib

COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2002, The University Court of the University of Glasgow.
All rights reserved.

AUTHOR
This manual page was generated from the XML documentation of GHC with blood, sweat, tears and a breaks-if-you-look-at-it-the-wrong-way XSL stylesheet originally written by Michael Weber <michaelw@debian.org> for the Debian GNU/Linux system (but may be used by others).